Слово англійською: work

Іменник

Переклад work українською: робо́та (дія́льність), твір, ка́торга, ви́твір мисте́цтва, до́звіл на робо́ту

Детальний опис

work

noun

/wɜːrk/

job/task

[uncountable] (used without the) the job that a person does especially in order to earn money synonym employment

He started work as a security guard.
I'm still looking for work.
It is difficult to find work in the present economic climate.
She's planning to return to work once the children start school.
full-time/part-time/unpaid/voluntary work
out of work She had been out of work (= without a job) for a year.
in work (British English) They are in work (= have a job).
What line of work are you in (= what type of work do you do)?
off work She's been off work (= not going to work) with a bad back since July.

Wordfinder

apply
appoint
contract
dismiss
employ
job
pay
retire
work
workforce

Collocations JobsJobsGetting a job

look for work
look for/apply for/go for a job
get/pick up/complete/fill out/ (British English) fill in an application (form)
send/email your (British English) CV/(North American English) résumé/application/application form/covering letter
be called for/have/attend an interview
offer somebody a job/work/employment/promotion
find/get/land a job
employ/ (especially North American English) hire/recruit/ (especially British English) take on staff/workers/trainees
recruit/appoint a manager

Doing a job

arrive at/get to/leave work/the office/the factory
start/finish work/your shift
do/put in/work overtime
have/gain/get/lack/need experience/qualifications
do/get/have/receive training
learn/pick up/improve/develop (your) skills
cope with/manage/share/spread the workload
improve your/achieve a better work-life balance
have (no) job satisfaction/job security

Building a career

have a job/work/a career/a vocation
find/follow/pursue/ (especially North American English) live (out) your vocation
enter/go into/join a profession
choose/embark on/start/begin/pursue a career
change jobs/profession/career
be/ (both especially British English) work/go freelance
do/take on temp work/freelance work
do/be engaged in/be involved in voluntary work

Leaving your job

leave/ (especially North American English) quit/resign from your job
give up work/your job/your career
hand in your notice/resignation
plan to/be due to retire in June/next year, etc.
take early retirement

Collocations UnemploymentUnemploymentLosing your job

lose your job
(British English) become/be made redundant
be offered/take voluntary redundancy/early retirement
face/be threatened with dismissal/(British English) the sack/(British English) compulsory redundancy
dismiss/fire/ (especially British English) sack an employee/a worker/a manager
lay off staff/workers/employees
(Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English) retrench workers
cut/reduce/downsize/slash the workforce
(British English) make staff/workers/employees redundant

Being unemployed

be unemployed/out of work/out of a job
seek/look for work/employment
be on/collect/draw/get/receive (both British English) unemployment benefit/jobseeker’s allowance
be/go/live/sign (British English, informal) on the dole
claim/draw/get (British English, informal) the dole
be on/qualify for (North American English) unemployment (compensation)
be/go/live/depend (North American English) on welfare
collect/receive (North American English) welfare
combat/tackle/cut/reduce unemployment

Wordfinder

administrative
freelance
managerial
manual
part-time
seasonal
skilled
temporary
voluntary
work

Synonyms workworkemployment ▪ career ▪ profession ▪ occupation ▪ tradeThese are all words for the jobs that somebody does in return for payment, especially over a long period of time. work the job that somebody does, especially in order to earn money:

It’s very difficult to find work at the moment.

employment (rather formal) work, especially when it is done to earn money; the state of being employed or the situation in which people have work:

Only half the people here are in paid employment.

career the job or series of jobs that somebody has in a particular area of work, usually involving more responsibility as time passes:

He had a very distinguished career in the Foreign Office.

profession a type of job that needs special training or skill, especially one that needs a high level of education:

He hopes to enter the medical profession.

The profession is all the people who work in a particular profession: the legal profession . The professions are the traditional jobs that need a high level of education and training, such as being a doctor or lawyer.occupation (rather formal) a job or profession:

Please state your name, age, and occupation.

trade a job, especially one that involves working with your hands and requires special training and skills:

Carpentry is a highly skilled trade.

Patterns

in/out of work/employment
(a) full-time/part-time work/employment/career/occupation
permanent/temporary work/employment
(a) well-paid work/employment/profession/occupation
(a) low-paid work/employment/occupation
to look for/seek/find work/employment/a career/an occupation
to get/obtain/give somebody/offer somebody/create/generate/provide work/employment

Culture voluntary workvoluntary workVoluntary work is work that you do not get paid for and usually involves doing things to help other people, especially the elderly or the sick, or working for a charity or similar organization. Most charitable organizations rely on volunteers who don't get paid, and thousands of Americans and British people give many hours of their time to doing some form of social work or organizing fund-raising events to support the work. Volunteering is especially popular in the US and the reasons for this may be found in basic American values such as the Protestant ethic, the idea that work improves the person who does it, and the belief that people can change their condition if they try hard enough.People usually enjoy volunteering, as they choose jobs close to their personal interests. For instance, people who like animals may volunteer in an animal shelter, where they take care of animals that have been treated badly. Some voluntary work is short-term, for example, when people from a community get together to create a park. Other work is longer term, such as that of the US organization Habitat for Humanity, which builds houses for poor people. Parents often volunteer at their children's schools, and do things like building a play area or raising money for new equipment. Young people are also encouraged to do voluntary work. Schoolchildren visit old people in hospitals or homes, and students at college often raise money for charities. In the US young people over 18 can take part in AmeriCorps, a government programme that encourages them to work as volunteers for a period of time, with the promise of help in paying for their education later. Older Americans who do not work may spend much of their free time volunteering.In Britain a lot of voluntary work is directed towards supporting the country's social services. the Royal Voluntary Service and other organizations run a meals on wheels service in many parts of Britain, providing prepared meals for people who are unable to cook for themselves. The Citizens Advice Bureau, which offers free advice to the public on a wide range of issues, is run mainly by volunteers, and the Blood Transfusion Service relies on voluntary blood donors to give blood for use in hospitals. Political parties use volunteers at election time, and Churches depend on volunteers to keep buildings clean.

[uncountable] (used without the) the place where you do your job; the time that you spend there

I go to work at 8 o'clock.
I was late for work again.
I have to leave work early today.
Her friends from work came to see her in the hospital.
I get on well with my work colleagues.
a pleasant work environment
at work The new legislation concerns health and safety at work.
before/after work I like to go for a run after work.

[uncountable] the duties that you have and the activities that you do as part of your job

Police work is mainly routine.
The accountant described his work to the sales staff.

see also piecework, sex work, social work

[uncountable] tasks that need to be done

Taking care of a baby is hard work.
Whenever am I going to do all this work?
There is plenty of work to be done in the garden.
Stop talking and get on with your work.
He completed the work shortly before his death.
important work being undertaken by volunteers
Big football matches make a lot of work for the police.

see also detective work, homework, schoolwork

[uncountable] materials needed or used for doing work, especially books, papers, etc.

She often brings work (= for example, files and documents) home with her from the office.
His work was spread all over the floor.

effort

[uncountable] the use of physical strength or mental power in order to do or make something

She earned her grades through sheer hard work.
work on something We began work on the project last year.
They performed pioneering work on the treatment of cancer.
Work continues on renovating the hotel.
work of doing something The work of building the bridge took six months.
The art collection was his life's work.
She set them to work painting the fence.

product of work

[uncountable] a thing or things that are produced as a result of work

She's an artist whose work I really admire.
outstanding work in this area/field
Is this all your own work (= did you do it without help from others)?
The book is a detailed and thorough piece of work covering all aspects of the subject.
He left a substantial body of work—drawings and watercolours as well as oils.

book/music/art

[countable] a book, piece of music, painting, etc.

the collected/complete works of Tolstoy
works of fiction/literature
Chopin’s piano works
Beethoven composed his greatest works in the latter part of his life.
work by somebody He recognized the sketch as an early work by Degas.

compare opus see also work of art

result of action

[uncountable] work (of somebody/something) the result of an action; what is done by somebody

The damage is clearly the work of vandals.

building/repairing

works

[plural] (often in compounds) activities involving building or repairing something

roadworks
They expanded the shipyards and started engineering works.
A contract can ensure that landlords carry out the works for which they are legally responsible.

factory

works

(plural works)

[countable + singular or plural verb] (often in compounds) a place where things are made or industrial processes take place

an engineering works
a brickworks
Raw materials were carried to the works by barge.

Synonyms factoryfactoryplant ▪ mill ▪ works ▪ yard ▪ workshop ▪ foundryThese are all words for buildings or places where things are made or where industrial processes take place.factory a building or group of buildings where goods are made, mainly by machine:

a chocolate/cigarette/clothing factory

plant a factory or place where power is produced or an industrial process takes place:

a nuclear power plant
a manufacturing plant

mill a factory that produces a particular type of material:

a cotton/paper/textile/woollen mill

works (often in compounds) a place where things are made or an industrial process takes place:

a brickworks
a steelworks
Raw materials were carried to the works by barge.

yard (usually in compounds) an area of land used for building something:

a shipyard

workshop a room or building in which things are made or repaired using hand tools or machinery (usually individual items or small numbers of items):

a car repair workshop

foundry a factory where metal or glass is melted and made into different shapes or objects:

an iron foundry

Patterns

a car/chemical/munitions factory/plant
an engineering plant/works
to manage/run a factory/plant/mill/works/yard/workshop/foundry
to work in/at a factory/plant/mill/yard/workshop/foundry
factory/mill/foundry owners/managers/workers

parts of machine

the works

[plural] the moving parts of a machine, etc. synonym mechanism

everything

the works

[plural] (informal) everything

We went to the chip shop and had the works: fish, chips, gherkins, mushy peas.

physics

[uncountable] the use of force to produce movement see also joule

Word OriginOld English weorc (noun), wyrcan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch werk and German Werk, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek ergon.

Idioms

all in a day’s work

part of your normal working life and not unusual
- Swimming with sharks or training a tiger cub—it's all in a day's work for animal wrangler Chris Bolton.

all work and no play (makes Jack a dull boy)

(saying) it is not healthy to spend all your time working; you need to relax too

at work

having an effect on something
- She suspected that secret influences were at work.
at work (on something) busy doing something
- He is still at work on the painting.
- Danger—men at work.

the devil makes work for idle hands

(saying) people who do not have enough to do often start to do wrong
- She blamed the crimes on the local jobless teenagers. ‘The devil makes work for idle hands,’ she would say.

(do somebody’s) dirty work

(to do) the unpleasant or dishonest jobs that somebody else does not want to do
- Next time you can get somebody else to do your dirty work for you!
- He always gets someone else to do the dirty work for him.
- The drugs gang used children to do their dirty work for them.

get (down) to/set to work

to begin; to make a start
- We set to work on the outside of the house (= for example, painting it).
- Let's get to work.

give somebody the works

(informal) to give or tell somebody everything

go/set about your work

to do/start to do your work
- She went cheerfully about her work.

good works

kind acts to help others

have your work cut out

(informal) to be likely to have difficulty doing something
- You'll have your work cut out to get there by nine o'clock.
Topics Difficulty and failurec2

in the works

something that is in the works is being discussed, planned or prepared and will happen or exist soon synonym in the pipeline

a job of work

(British English, old-fashioned or formal) work that you are paid to do or that must be done
- There was a job of work waiting for him that he was not looking forward to.

make hard work of something

to use more time or energy on a task than is necessary

make light work of something

to do something quickly and with little effort

make short work of something/somebody

to defeat, deal with something/somebody quickly
- Liverpool made short work of the opposition (= in a football match).
- He made short work of his lunch (= ate it quickly).
- Mike made short work of fixing the engine.

many hands make light work

(saying) used to say that a job is made easier if a lot of people help

a nasty piece of work

(British English, informal) a person who is unpleasant, unkind or dishonest
- Don’t trust him; he’s a nasty piece of work.
- He's a thoroughly nasty piece of work.

nice work!

(informal, especially British English) used to show you are pleased when somebody has done something well
- You did a good job today. Nice work, James!

nice work if you can get it

(informal) used when you wish that you had somebody’s success or good luck and think they have achieved it with little effort
- He was paid £200 for a ten-minute speech? Nice work if you can get it.
Topics Successc2

(throw) a spanner in the works (British English)

(North American English (throw) a (monkey) wrench in the works)

(to cause) a delay or problem with something that somebody is planning or doingTopics Difficulty and failurec2

too much like hard work

needing too much effort
- I can't be bothered making a hot meal—it's too much like hard work.

the work of a moment, second, etc.

(formal) a thing that takes a very short time to do
- It was the work of a few minutes to hide the damage.

EngV